Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Comparison of increases in ATP levels in STHdhQ111/Q111 and STHdhQ7/Q7 cells after treatment with 10 μM of compound in SFM. Cells were normalized to same-cell-type DMSO controls. * indicates significant difference from # (n=16 biological replicates, mean±SEM). (B) Comparison of treatment of STHdhQ111/Q111 cells with 10 μM pizotifen under conditions with and without serum. * indicates significant difference from all other conditions in the figure (n=11 biological replicates, mean±SEM). The % ATP increase after pizotifen treatment is shown to be significant in the bottom graph.

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Immunoblot showing increase in ERK phosphorylation in STHdhQ111/Q111 and STHdhQ7/Q7 cells after 15 min treatment with compound. (B) Quantification of the phospho-ERK/ Total ERK ratio for p44 (ERK1) and p42 (ERK2) bands in (A.) * indicates significant difference from ** for same-type cells. (n=6 biological replicates, mean±SEM). (C) Cells were treated in SFM with either pizotifen or DMSO for the time indicated on the figure. Representative western blots show the levels of phospho-ERK1/2 and total ERK1/2 levels. (D) Quantification of the phospho-ERK/ total ERK ratio for p44 (ERK1) and p42 (ERK2) bands in (C.) (n=3 biological replicates, mean±SEM). * indicates significant difference from ** for same-type cells.

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques: Western Blot

Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Immunoblot showing increase in ERK phosphorylation in STHdhQ111/Q111 cells after 15 min treatment with pizotifen and MEK inhibitor in SFM. (B) Quantification of the phospho-ERK/Total ERK ratio for p44 (ERK1) and p42 (ERK2) bands in (A). * indicates significant difference from all other conditions in the figure (n=4 biological replicates, mean±SEM). (C) ATP levels of cells co-treated with pizotifen and MEK inhibitor for 24 hours in SFM. The % ATP increase after pizotifen treatment is shown to be significant in the bottom graph. * indicates significant difference from * (n=12 biological replicates, mean±SEM).

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques: Western Blot

Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: At 5 weeks of age prior to treatment the rotarod of the two groups were measured and are equal. At 10 weeks of age at all the indicated doses rotarod is significantly improved * p<0.05, ** p<0.005, *** p<0.0005, 2-way ANOVA analysis. (n=21 saline and n= 24 for pizotifen-treated R6/2 mice at 7.5 mg/kg; n=15 saline and n=13 pizotifen-treated R6/2 mice at 10mg/kg).

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: Survival analysis of saline-treated and pizotifen-treated R6/2 transgenic mice Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that survival of saline-treated (0.9%) and pizotifen-treated mice (7.5mg/kg) did not differ significantly (p=0.8694). A summary of sample size and median value corresponding to each group is provided on the table.

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques: Transgenic Assay

Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of spontaneous locomotor activity in saline-treated and pizotifen-treated R6/2 transgenic mice Analysis using the non-parametric 2-tailed Mann-Whitney test did not show significant differences in number of movements, moving or resting time.

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Transgenic Assay

Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Immunohistochemistry of DARPP-32 in the striatum of NTG, R6/2 (saline) and R6/2 (pizotifen) mice (n=3 mice, representative image shown). (B, left panel) Western blotting of DARPP-32 and mGlu2/3 AMPA receptors in the cortex in wild-type, R6/2 (saline) and R6/2 (pizotifen) mice (n=3 mice mean±SEM). (B, right panel) Densitometry analysis of GluR2/3 protein levels normalized to GAPDH in the cortex of NTG, R6/2 and pizotifen treated mice. (C) Side by side comparison of densitometry analysis of DARPP-32 protein levels in the striatum (12 weeks old) and cortex (10 and 12 weeks old) of age matched NTG, R6/2 and pizotifen treated mice. (D, left panel) Striatal area of the NTG, R6/2 (saline) and R6/2 (pizotifen) mice. (Right panel) Examples of sections analyzed. Demarcation shows striatal area as it was measured. * p<0.05, ** p<0.005, *** p<0.0005, 1-way ANOVA (n=3 mice mean±SEM).

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot

Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: Western blot analysis of the levels of huntingtin or phospho p421 huntingtin in the cortex of R6/2 mice (upper panel) for 12-week old NTG, saline and pizotifen treated mice. Densitometry analysis (lower panel) of the huntingtin and phospho p421 huntingtin levels normalized to GAPDH. (n=3 mice, mean±SEM).

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques: Western Blot

Journal: Journal of Huntington's disease

Article Title: Pizotifen Activates ERK and Provides Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo in Models of Huntington’s Disease

doi: 10.3233/JHD-120033

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Western blotting with ERK and phospho-ERK antibodies of the striatum and (B) cortex of NTG, R6/2 (saline) and R6/2 (pizotifen) mice (n=3 mice, mean±SEM). (C) Immunohistochemistry of phospho ERK1/2 in the striatum of NTG, R6/2 (saline) and R6/2 (pizotifen) mice (n=3 mice, representative image shown).

Article Snippet: Pizotifen malate for mouse studies was obtained from British Pharmacopoeia Commission Laboratory, catalogue #411.

Techniques: Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry